巴西专利BR112013004782B1 variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well

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专利摘要:
VARIABLE FLOW RESISTANCE SYSTEM FOR USE IN AN UNDERGROUND WELL. A variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well may include a flow chamber through which a fluid composition flows, the chamber having at least one inlet, one outlet and at least one spiral-shaped structure. relatively oriented towards the outlet, where the structure induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition over the outlet. Another variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well may include a flow chamber including an outlet, at least one structure that induces c) spiral flow of a fluid composition over the outlet, and at least one other structure that prevents a change in the flow direction of the fluid composition radially towards the outlet.
公开号:BR112013004782B1
申请号:R112013004782-8
申请日:2011-08-16
公开日:2020-12-29
发明作者:Luke W. Holderman；Jason D. Dykstra；Michael L. Fripp
申请人:Halljburton Energy Services, Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Technical field
[0001] This disclosure generally refers to equipment used and operations carried out in conjunction with an underground well and, in an example described below, more particularly, it provides a variable flow restrictor. Background of the invention
[0002] In a hydrocarbon production well, it is often beneficial to be able to regulate the flow of fluids from an earth formation into a well bore. A variety of effects can be offered by such regulation, including preventing the formation of cones (“coning”) of water or gas, minimizing the production of sand, minimizing the production of water and / or gas, maximizing the production of oil, balance production between zones, etc.
[0003] Therefore, it should be appreciated that advances in the fluid flow technique variably restricting in a well, would be desirable in the circumstances mentioned above, and such advances would also be beneficial in a wide variety of other circumstances. Summary of the invention
[0004] In the disclosure below, a variable flow resistance system is provided which brings improvements to the fluid flow technique variably restricting in a well. An example is described below in which a flow chamber is provided with structures that cause flow restriction through the chamber to increase as the ratio of desired to undesirable fluid in a fluid composition increases.
[0005] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides the technique with a variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well. The system can include a flow chamber through which a fluid composition flows. The chamber has at least one inlet, one outlet, and at least one spiral-shaped structure oriented towards the outlet. The structure induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition over the outlet.
[0006] In another aspect, a variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well may include a flow chamber including an outlet, at least one structure that induces the spiral flow of a fluid composition over the outlet, and at least one other structure that prevents a change in the flow direction of the fluid composition radially towards the outlet. These and other characteristics, advantages and benefits will be evident to a person skilled in the art after careful examination of the detailed description of the following representative examples and the accompanying drawings, in which similar elements are indicated in the various figures using the same reference numbers. Brief description of the drawings
[0007] Figure 1 is a partially schematic cross-sectional view of a well system that can incorporate the principles of the present disclosure;
[0008] Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the well system;
[0009] Figures 3A and 3B are also seen in enlarged cross-section of a variable flow resistance system, taken along line 3-3 of figure 2, with figure 3A representing relatively high, low speed flow density through the system, and figure 3B representing relatively low speed, high flow density through the system; and
[0010] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of another configuration of the variable flow resistance system. Detailed description of the invention
[0011] Representatively, a well system 10 that can incorporate the principles of this disclosure is illustrated in figure 1. As illustrated in figure 1, a well bore hole 12 has a generally vertical uncoated section 14 extending downwardly from the casing 16, as well as a generally horizontal uncoated section 18 extending through a ground formation 20.
[0012] A tubular column 22 (such as a production pipe column) is installed in the well hole well 12. Interconnected in the tubular column 22 are multiple well screens 24, variable flow resistance systems 25 and obstructors 26.
[0013] The obstructors 26 seal an annular space 28 formed radially between the tubular column 22 and the well bore section 18. In this way, fluids 30 can be produced from multiple intervals or forming zones 20 through isolated portions of the annular space 28 between adjacent pairs of obstructors 26.
[0014] Positioned between each adjacent pair of obstructors 26, a well sieve 24 and also a variable flow resistance system 25 are interconnected in the tubular column 22. The well sieve 24 filters fluids 30 flowing into the tubular column 22 from the annular space 28. The variable flow resistance system 25 variably restricts the flow of fluids 30 into the tubular column 22, based on certain fluid characteristics.
[0015] At this point, it should be noted that the well system 10 is illustrated in the drawings and is described here as simply an example of a wide variety of well systems in which the principles of this disclosure can be used. It should be clearly understood that the principles of this disclosure are not limited to any and all details of the well system 10, or its components, represented in the drawings or described herein.
[0016] For example, it is not necessary according to the principles of this disclosure, that the well hole 12 includes a generally vertical well section 14 or a generally horizontal well hole section 18. It is not necessary for fluids 30 to be produced only from formation 20 since, in other examples, fluids can be injected into a formation, fluids can be either injected into or produced from a formation, etc.
[0017] It is not necessary that each of the well screens 24 and variable flow resistance system 25 be positioned between each adjacent pair of obstructors 26. It is not necessary that a single variable flow resistance system 25 be used in conjunction with a single well sieve 24. Any number, arrangement and / or combination of these components can be used.
[0018] It is not necessary that any variable flow resistance system 25 be used with a well sieve 24. For example, in the injection operations, the injected fluid can be poured through a variable flow resistance system 25, without also flow through a 24 well sieve.
[0019] It is not necessary for the well sieves 24, variable flow resistance systems 25, obstructors 26 or any other components of the tubular column 22 to be positioned in the uncoated sections 14, 18 of the well bore 12. Any section of the bore well 12 can be coated or uncoated, and any portion of the tubular column 22 can be positioned in a coated or uncoated section of the well bore, in accordance with the principles of this disclosure.
[0020] It should be clearly understood, therefore, that this disclosure describes how to make and use certain examples, but the principles of the disclosure are not limited to any details of these examples. On the contrary, these principles can be applied to a wide variety of other examples using the knowledge gained from this disclosure.
[0021] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it would be advantageous to be able to regulate the flow of fluids 30 within the tubular column 22 from each forming zone 20, for example, to prevent the formation of a water cone 32 or formation gas cone 34 in formation. Other uses for regulating flow in a well include, but are not limited to, balancing production from (or injection into) multiple zones, minimizing the production or injection of undesirable fluids, maximizing production or injection of desired fluids, etc.
[0022] Examples of variable flow resistance systems 25 described in more detail below, can provide these benefits by increasing flow resistance if a fluid velocity increases beyond a selected level, (for example, to thereby balance the flow between zones, prevent water or gas cone formation, etc.), or increase flow resistance if a fluid viscosity decreases below a selected level, (for example, to thereby restrict the flow of unwanted fluid, such as such as water or gas, in a well producing oil).
[0023] Whether a fluid is a desired or unwanted fluid depends on the purpose of the production or injection operation to be conducted. For example, if it is desired to produce oil from a well, but not to produce water or gas, then oil is a desired fluid and water and gas are undesirable fluids.
[0024] It should be noted that, at downhole temperatures and pressures, hydrocarbon gases may in practice be completely or partially in liquid phase. Thus, it should be understood that when the term "gas" is used here, gaseous and / or liquid supercritical phases are included in the scope of this term.
[0025] Referring now to Figure 2, an enlarged cross-sectional view of one of the variable flow resistance systems 25 and a portion of one of the well screens 24 are shown. In this example, a fluid composition 36 (which may include one or more fluids, such as oil and water, liquid water and steam, oil and gas, gas and water, oil, water and gas, etc.), flows inwards from the well sieve 24, and so filtered, and then flows to an inlet 38 of the variable flow resistance system 25.
[0026] A fluid composition can include one or more desired or unwanted fluids. Both steam and water can be combined into a fluid composition. As another example, oil, water, and / or gas can be combined in a fluid composition.
The flow of fluid composition 36 through the variable flow resistance system 25 is resisted based on one or more characteristics (such as viscosity, speed, etc.) of the fluid composition. The fluid composition 36 is then discharged from the variable flow resistance system 25 into an interior of the tubular column 22 through an outlet 40.
[0028] In other examples, the well sieve 24 may not be used in conjunction with the variable flow resistance system 25 (for example, in injection operations), the fluid composition 36 may flow in the opposite direction through the various elements of the well system 10 (for example, in injection operations), a single variable flow resistance system can be used in conjunction with several well screens, several variable flow resistance systems can be used with one or more screens well composition, the fluid composition can be received from or discharged into regions of a well that have an annular space or a tubular chain, the fluid composition can flow through the variable flow resistance system before flowing through the sieve. well, any other components can be interconnected upstream or downstream of the well sieve and / or the variable flow resistance system, etc. Thus, it will be appreciated that the principles of this disclosure are not limited to all details of the example represented in figure 2 and described here.
[0029] Although the well sieve 24 represented in figure 2 is of the type known to those skilled in the art as a coiled wire sieve, any other types or combinations of well sieves (for example, sintered, expanded, pre- wire mesh, etc.) can be used in other examples. Additional components (such as shrouds), bypass tubes, lines, instrumentation, sensors, inflow control devices, etc.), can also be used, if desired.
[0030] The variable flow resistance system 25 is represented in a simplified way in figure 2, but in a preferred example, the system can include several passages and devices to perform various functions, as described in more detail below. In addition, the system 25, preferably at least partially, extends circumferentially over the tubular column 22, or the system can be formed in a wall of an interconnected tubular structure as part of the tubular column.
[0031] In other examples, the system 25 may not extend circumferentially over a tubular column or be formed in a wall of a tubular structure. For example, system 25 can be formed into a flat structure, etc. The system 25 can be in a separate housing that is connected to the tubular column 22, or it can be oriented so that the geometric axis of the outlet 40 is parallel to the geometric axis of the tubular column. System 25 can be in a logging string or connected to a device that does not have a tubular shape. Any orientation or configuration of the system 25 can be used in accordance with the principles of this disclosure.
[0032] Referring now further to figures 3A and 3B, more detailed cross-sectional views of an example of system 25 are represented illustratively. The system 25 is shown in figures 3A and 3B, as if it is flat in the configuration, but the system may, on the contrary, extend circumferentially, such as on a side wall of the tubular member, if desired.
[0033] Figure 3A illustrates the variable flow resistance system 25 with fluid composition 36 flowing through a flow chamber 42 between inlet 38 and outlet 40. In figure 3A, fluid composition 36 has a viscosity relatively low and / or relatively high speed. For example, if gas or water is an unwanted fluid, and oil is a desired fluid, then fluid composition 36, in Figure 3A, has a relatively high proportion of unwanted fluid to desired fluid.
[0034] Note that the flow chamber 42 is provided with structures 44 that induce a spiral flow of the fluid composition 36 over the outlet 40. That is, the fluid composition 36 is made to flow somewhat circularly over, and somewhat radially towards exit 40.
[0035] Preferably, structures 44 also prevent a change in the direction of fluid composition 36 radially towards outlet 40. Thus, although the spiral flow of fluid composition 36 induced by structures 44 has both a circular component and a radial component, the structures preferably prevent an increase in the radial component.
[0036] In the example of figure 3A, the structures 44 are spaced apart in the direction of the flow of the fluid composition 36. The spacing between the structures 44 preferably decreases gradually in the direction of the flow of the fluid composition 36.
[0037] Two entries 46 for chamber 42 are shown in Figure 3A, with each entry having a series of separately spaced structures 44 associated with it. However, it should be appreciated that any number of entries 46 and structures 44 can be provided in accordance with the principles of this disclosure.
[0038] Additional structures 48 are provided in the chamber 42 to prevent a change in the direction of the radial flow of the fluid composition 36. As shown in Figure 3A, the structures 48 are circumferentially and radially spaced from each other.
[0039] Spacing between structures 44, 48 eventually allows fluid composition 36 to flow to outlet 40, but energy is dissipated due to the circular and spiral flow of the fluid composition over the outlet, and thus a Relatively high resistance to flow is experienced by the fluid composition. As the viscosity of the fluid composition 36 decreases and / or as the speed of the fluid composition increases (for example, due to a decreased proportion of the desired to unwanted fluids in the fluid composition), this resistance to flow will increase. Conversely, as the viscosity of the fluid composition 36 increases and / or as the speed of the fluid composition decreases (for example, due to an increased proportion of the desired to unwanted fluids in the fluid composition), this flow resistance will decrease.
[0040] In figure 3B, system 25 is represented with such an increased proportion of fluids desired to undesired in fluid composition 36. Having a higher viscosity and / or low speed, fluid composition 36 is able to flow more easily through spacing between structures 44, 48.
[0041] In this way, fluid composition 36 flows much more directly to outlet 40 in the example of figure 3B, as compared to the example of figure 3A. That is, some spiral flow of the fluid composition in the example in figure 3B, but it is much less than in the example in figure 3A. Thus, the energy dissipation and resistance to flow is much less in the example in figure 3B, compared to the example in figure 3A.
[0042] Referring further to figure 4, another configuration of the variable flow resistance system 25 is represented illustratively. In this configuration, there are many additional inputs 46 for the chamber 42 compared to the configuration of figures 3A and 3B, and there are two sets of radially spaced spiral flow induction structures 44. Thus, it will be appreciated that a wide variety of different configurations of variable flow resistance systems can be built without departing from the principles of this disclosure.
[0043] Note that inlets 46 gradually taper in the direction of flow of fluid composition 36. This narrowing of the flow area slightly increases the speed of fluid composition 36.
[0044] Like the configuration of figures 3A and 3B, the resistance to flow through the system 25 of figure 4 will increase as the viscosity of the fluid composition 36 decreases and / or as the speed of the fluid composition increases.
[0045] On the other hand, the resistance to flow through the system 25 of figure 4 will decrease as the viscosity of the fluid composition 36 increases and / or as the speed of the fluid composition decreases.
[0046] In each of the configurations described above, structures 44 and / or 48 can be formed as vanes ("vanes") or as recesses on one or more walls of chamber 42. If formed as vanes, structures 44 and / or 48 may extend outwardly from the chamber wall (s) 42. If formed as recesses, structures 44 and / or 48 may extend inwardly from the chamber wall (s) 42. The functions of inducing a desired direction of flow of the fluid composition 36, or of resisting a change in the direction of flow of the fluid composition, can be performed with any type, number, spacing, or configuration of structures.
[0047] It can now be fully appreciated that the above disclosure provides significant advances for the technique of restricting fluid flow in a well. Preferably, the examples of the variable flow resistance system 25 described above, operate autonomously, automatically and without moving parts to reliably regulate the flow between a formation 20 and an interior of a tubular column 22.
[0048] In one aspect, the above disclosure describes a variable flow resistance system 25 for use in an underground well. System 25 may include a flow chamber 42 through which a fluid composition 36 flows. Chamber 42 has at least one inlet 38, one outlet 40, and at least one spiral-shaped structure 44 relatively oriented to outlet 40, whereby structure 44 induces the spiral flow of fluid composition 36 over outlet 40 .
[0049] In another aspect, a variable flow resistance system 25 described above, comprises a flow chamber 42 including an outlet 40, at least one structure 44, which induces the spiral flow of a fluid composition 36 over the outlet 40, and at least one other structure 48 that prevents a change in the flow direction of the fluid composition 36 radially in the direction of the outlet 40.
[0050] Fluid composition 36 preferably flows through flow chamber 42 in the well.
[0051] Structure 48 progressively prevents change in the radial direction towards outlet 40 in response to at least one of the a) increased velocity of fluid composition 36, b) decreased viscosity of fluid composition 36, and c) proportion reduced from desired fluid to unwanted fluid in the fluid composition 36.
[0052] The structure 44 and / or 48 can comprise at least one of a reed and a recess. The structure 44 and / or 48 can have at least one internal or external relationship to a wall of the chamber 42.
[0053] Structure 44 and / or 48 can comprise several structures spaced separately. A spacing between adjacent structures 44 can decrease in one direction of the spiral flow of the fluid composition 36.
[0054] Fluid composition 36 preferably flows more directly to outlet 40, as a viscosity of fluid composition 36 increases, as a speed of fluid composition 36 decreases, and / or according to a ratio of desired fluid to fluid in the fluid composition 36 increases.
[0055] It should be understood that the various examples described above can be used in various orientations, such as, inclined, inverted, horizontal, vertical, etc., and in various configurations, without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. The embodiments illustrated in the drawings are represented and described simply as examples of useful applications of the disclosure principles, which are not limited to any specific details of these embodiments.
[0056] In the description above, representative examples of the disclosure, directional terms, such as "above", "below", "upper", "lower", etc., are used for convenience in reference to the attached drawings. In general, "up", "top", "up" and similar terms refer to a direction towards the surface of the earth along a well bore, and "below", "bottom", "down" ”And similar terms refer to a direction that moves away from the earth's surface along the borehole.
[0057] Naturally, a person skilled in the art, after careful consideration of the above description of representative embodiments, will readily appreciate that many modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions and other changes can be made to these specific embodiments, and such changes are within the scope the principles of this disclosure. Thus, the detailed description above, should be clearly understood only as being given by way of illustration and example, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

权利要求:
Claims (21)
[0001]
1. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by comprising: - a flow chamber (42) through which a fluid composition (36) flows, the chamber (42) having at least an inlet through which the fluid composition (36) enters the chamber (42), an outlet through which the same fluid composition (36) leaves the chamber (42) and at least one structure (44) oriented, in shape spiral, relative to the outlet, where the structure (44) induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36) over the outlet, and the structure (44) prevents a change in the direction of the flow of the fluid composition ( 36) radially towards the exit.
[0002]
2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure (44) progressively prevents the change in the radial direction in the direction of the outlet in response to at least one of the a) increased fluid composition speed (36), b) decreased viscosity of the fluid composition (36), and c) a reduced proportion of the desired fluid to undesirable fluid in the fluid composition (36).
[0003]
3. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a flow chamber (42) through which a fluid composition (36) flows, the chamber (42) having at least an inlet through which the fluid composition (36) enters the chamber (42), an outlet through which the same fluid composition (36) leaves the chamber (42) and at least one structure (44) oriented, in shape spiral, relative to the outlet, where the structure (44) induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36) over the outlet, and the structure (44) comprises at least one of a reed and a recess.
[0004]
4. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a flow chamber (42) through which a fluid composition (36) flows, the chamber (42) having at least at least one inlet through which the fluid composition (36) enters the chamber (42), an outlet through which the same fluid composition (36) exits the chamber (42) and multiple spaced, spiral-shaped structures oriented in relation to the outlet, where the structures induce the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36) over the outlet.
[0005]
5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the spacing between adjacent structures decreases in a direction of the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36).
[0006]
6. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a flow chamber (42) through which a fluid composition (36) flows, the chamber (42) having at least at least one entrance, one exit, and at least one structure (44) inside the chamber (42), the structure (44) being oriented, in a spiral form, in relation to the exit, where the structure (44) induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36) over the outlet, and the fluid composition (36) flows more directly from the inlet to the outlet as the viscosity of the fluid composition (36) increases.
[0007]
7. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a flow chamber (42) through which a fluid composition (36) flows, the chamber (42) having at least at least one entrance, one exit, and at least one structure (44) inside the chamber (42), the structure (44) being oriented, in a spiral form, in relation to the exit, where the structure (44) induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36) over the outlet, and the fluid composition (36) flows more directly from the inlet to the outlet as a speed of the fluid composition (36) increases.
[0008]
8. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a flow chamber (42) through which a fluid composition (36) flows, the chamber (42) having at least at least one entrance, one exit, and at least one structure (44) inside the chamber (42), the structure (44) being oriented, in a spiral form, in relation to the exit, where the structure (44) induces the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36) over the outlet, and the fluid composition (36) flows more directly from the inlet to the outlet according to a ratio of desired fluid to undesirable fluid in the fluid composition (36) increases.
[0009]
9. Variable flow resistance system for use in an underground well, the system characterized by the fact that it comprises: - a flow chamber (42) including an inlet through which the fluid composition (36) enters the chamber (42) , an outlet through which the same fluid composition (36) leaves the chamber (42), at least one first that induces the spiral flow of a fluid composition (36) over the outlet, and at least a second structure that prevents a change in the direction of flow of the fluid composition (36) radially towards the outlet.
[0010]
10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the fluid composition (36) flows through the flow chamber (42) in the well.
[0011]
11. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the second structure progressively prevents the change in the radial direction in the direction of the outlet in response to at least one of the a) increased fluid composition speed (36), b) decreased viscosity of the fluid composition (36), and c) a reduced proportion of the desired fluid to undesirable fluid in the fluid composition (36).
[0012]
12. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the first structure comprises at least one of a reed and a recess.
[0013]
13. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the second structure comprises at least one of a reed and a recess.
[0014]
14. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one first structure protrudes, internally and externally, in relation to a chamber wall (42).
[0015]
15. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one second structure protrudes, internally and externally, in relation to a chamber wall (42).
[0016]
16. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one second structure comprises multiple second spaced structures.
[0017]
17. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one first structure comprises multiple first spaced structures.
[0018]
18. System according to claim 17, characterized in that the spacing between the first adjacent structures decreases in a direction of the spiral flow of the fluid composition (36).
[0019]
19. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the fluid composition (36) flows more directly to the outlet as the viscosity of the fluid composition (36) increases.
[0020]
20. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the fluid composition (36) flows more directly to the outlet as a speed of the fluid composition (36) decreases.
[0021]
21. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the fluid composition (36) flows more directly from the outlet according to a ratio of desired fluid to undesirable fluid in the fluid composition (36) increases.

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法律状态:
2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-09-10| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: AS CLASSIFICACOES ANTERIORES ERAM: E21B 43/12 , E21B 34/06 , E21B 21/10 Ipc: E21B 34/08 (1980.01), E21B 43/12 (1968.09), E21B 4 |

2020-10-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2020-12-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/08/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

US12/869,836|2010-08-27|

US12/869,836|US8356668B2|2010-08-27|2010-08-27|Variable flow restrictor for use in a subterranean well|

PCT/US2011/047925|WO2012027157A1|2010-08-27|2011-08-16|Variable flow restrictor for use in a subterranean well|

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